Removal of divalent manganese from aqueous solution using Tamarindus indica Fruit Nut Shell

Removal of Mn(II) ions from aqueous solution through adsorption on to Tamarindus Indica Fruit Nut Shell (TFNS) in its pristine and acid treated forms was studied. TFNS a tannin-containing material was characterized by porosity, SEM and FTIR analysis. Experiments were carried out as function of pH, concentration of metal ion, amount of adsorbent and contact time. The equilibrium characteristics of Mn(II) adsorption was described by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, chemisorption, fractionary order and Weber-Morris model. Based on error function analysis, it may be concluded that pseudo-second-order and chemisorption models gave a better representation of the data compared to other models. The monolayer adsorption capacities of pristine and acid treated forms of TFNS were found to be 122 and 182 mg/g respectively. A compression has been drawn on the extent of biosorption between pristine and acid treated form of TFNS. Due to their outstanding adsorption capacities, TFNS is an excellent adsorbent for the removal of Mn(II) ions.

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